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书名：论美国的民主             
书号：978-7-300-17214-9
著者：[法] 亚历克西?德?托克维尔  著
      [英] 亨利?里夫 译
                宋京逵  导读       
责任编辑：王琼
成品：148*210  页数：1058
纸张：70克高白胶
装祯：平装
出版时间：2013年5月
定价：69.00元
出版社：中国人民大学出版社

◆ 本书卖点
? 学术界第一部对美国社会、政治制度和民情进行社会学研究的著作
? 第一部论述民主制度的专著
? 全面、精彩、详实的中文导读
? 学习英语的珍贵资料

◆ 读者定位
1．全国高等院校英语及相关专业学生
2. 高等院校非英语专业英语学习者及同等英语水平学习者
3. 广大外语教师
4. 哲学、文化、政治及法律等各领域的研究学者及学生

◆ 作者简介
亚历克西?德?托克维尔(1805—1859)，法国历史学家、社会学家。出身贵族世家，经历过五个“朝代”。早期热心于政治，1838年出任众议院议员，1848年二月革命后参与制订第二共和国宪法，1849年出任外交部长。 1851年路易?波拿巴建立第二帝国，托克维尔对政治日益失望，逐渐淡出政治舞台，并意识到自己“擅长思想胜于行动”。主要代表作有《论美国的民主》、《旧制度与大革命》。
◆ 内容简介
《论美国的民主》这本书是世界学术界第一部对美国社会、政治制度和民情进行社会学研究的著作，也是第一部论述民主制度的专著，19世纪最著名的社会学著作之一。上卷的第一部分讲述美国的政治制度，第二部分对美国的民主进行社会学的分析。下卷分四个部分，以美国为背景发挥其政治哲学和政治社会学思想。

◆ 简要目录
Volume 1
上卷导读
Introductory Chapter
Chapter I Exterior Form of North America
Chapter Ⅱ Origin of the Anglo-Americans
Chapter Ⅲ Social Conditions of the Anglo-Americans
Chapter Ⅳ The Principle of the Sovereignty of the People in America
Chapter Ⅴ Necessity of Examining the Condition of the States
Chapter Ⅵ Judicial Power in the United States
Chapter Ⅶ Political Jurisdiction in the United States
Chapter Ⅷ The Federal Constitution
Chapter Ⅸ Why the People May Strictly Be Said to Govern in the United States
Chapter Ⅹ Parties in the United States
Chapter Ⅺ Liberty of the Press in the United States
Chapter Ⅻ Political Associations in the United States
Chapter ⅫⅠ Government of the Democracy in America
Chapter ⅩⅣ Advantages American Society Derive from Democracy
Chapter ⅩⅤ Unlimited Power of Majority, and Its Consequences
Chapter ⅩⅥ Causes Mitigating Tyranny in the United States
Chapter ⅩⅦ Principal Causes Maintaining the Democratic Republic
Chapter ⅩⅧ Future Condition of Three Races in the United States
Conclusion
Volume 2
下卷导读
De Tocqueville’s Praface to the Second Volume
Book One　Influence of Democracy on the Progress of Opinion in the United States Chapter I Philosophical Method Among the Americans
Chapter Ⅱ Of the Principal Source of Belief Among Democratic Nations
Chapter Ⅲ Why the Americans Display More Readiness and More Taste for General Ideas Than Their Forefathers, the English
Chapter Ⅳ Why the Americans Have Never Been So Eager as the French for General Ideas in Political Matters
Chapter Ⅴ Of the Manner in Which Religion in the United States Avails Itself of Democratic Tendencies
Chapter Ⅵ Of the Progress of Roman Catholicism in the United States
Chapter Ⅶ Of the Cause of a Leaning to Pantheism Amongst Democratic Nations
Chapter Ⅷ The Principle of Equality Suggests to the Americans the Idea of the Indefinite Perfectibility of Man
Chapter Ⅸ The Example of the Americans Does Not Prove That a Democratic People Can Have No Aptitude and No Taste for Science, Literature, or Art
Chapter Ⅹ Why the Americans Are More Addicted to Practical Than to Theoretical Science
Chapter Ⅺ Of the Spirit in Which the Americans Cultivate the Arts
Chapter Ⅻ Why the Americans Raise Some Monuments So Insignificant, and Others So Important
Chapter ⅫⅠ Literary Characteristics of Democratic Ages
Chapter ⅩⅣ The Trade of Literature
Chapter ⅩⅤ The Study of Greek and Latin Literature Peculiarly Useful in Democratic Communities
Chapter ⅩⅥ The Effect of Democracy on Language
Chapter ⅩⅦ Of Some of the Sources of Poetry Amongst Democratic Nations
Chapter ⅩⅧ Of the Inflated Style of American Writers and Orators
Chapter ⅩⅨ Some Observations on the Drama Amongst Democratic Nations
Chapter ⅩⅩ Characteristics of Historians in Democratic Ages
Chapter ⅩⅪ Of Parliamentary Eloquence in the United States
Book Two　Influence of Democracy on the Feelings of the Americans
Chapter I Why Democratic Nations Show a More Ardent and Enduring Love of Equality Than of Liberty
Chapter Ⅱ Of Individualism in Democratic Countries
Chapter Ⅲ Individualism Stronger at the Close of a Democratic Revolution Than at Other Periods
Chapter Ⅳ That the Americans Combat the Effects of Individualism by Free Institutions
Chapter Ⅴ Of the Use Which the Americans Make of Public Associations in Civil Life
Chapter Ⅵ Of the Relation Between Public Associations and Newspapers
Chapter Ⅶ Connection of Civil and Political Associations
Chapter Ⅷ The Americans Combat Individualism by the Principle of Interest Rightly Understood
Chapter Ⅸ That the Americans Apply the Principle of Interest Rightly Understood to Religious Matters
Chapter Ⅹ Of the Taste for Physical Well-Being in America
Chapter Ⅺ Peculiar Effects of the Love of Physical Gratifications in Democratic Ages
Chapter Ⅻ Causes of Fanatical Enthusiasm in Some Americans
Chapter ⅫⅠ Causes of the Restless Spirit of Americans in the Midst of Their Prosperity
Chapter ⅩⅣ Taste for Physical Gratifications United in America to Love of Freedom and Attention to Public Affairs
Chapter ⅩⅤ That Religious Belief Sometimes Turns the Thoughts of the Americans to Immaterial Pleasures
Chapter ⅩⅥ That Excessive Care of Worldly Welfare May Impair That Welfare
Chapter ⅩⅦ That in Times Marked by Equality of Conditions and Sceptical Opinions, It Is Important to Remove to a Distance the Objects of Human Actions
Chapter ⅩⅧ That Amongst the Americans All Honest Callings Are Honorable
Chapter ⅩⅨ That Almost All the Americans Follow Industrial Callings
Chapter ⅩⅩ That Aristocracy May Be Engendered by Manufactures
Book Three　Influence of Democracy on Manners, Properly So Called Chapter I That Manners Are Softened as Social Conditions Become More Equal
Chapter Ⅱ That Democracy Renders the Habitual Intercourse of the Americans Simple and Easy
Chapter Ⅲ Why the Americans Show So Little Sensitiveness in Their Own Country, and Are So Sensitive in Europe
Chapter Ⅳ Consequences of the Three Preceding Chapters
Chapter Ⅴ How Democracy Affects the Relation of Masters and Servants
Chapter Ⅵ That Democratic Institutions and Manners Tend to Raise Rents and Shorten the Terms of Leases
Chapter Ⅶ Influence of Democracy on Wages
Chapter Ⅷ Influence of Democracy on Kindred
Chapter Ⅸ Education of Young Women in the United States
Chapter Ⅹ The Young Women in the Character of a Wife
Chapter Ⅺ That the Equality of Conditions Contributes to the Maintenance of Good Morals in America
Chapter Ⅻ How the Americans Understand the Equality of the Sexes
Chapter ⅫⅠ That the Principle of Equality Naturally Divides the Americans into a Number of Small Private Circles
Chapter ⅩⅣ Some Reflections on American Manners
Chapter ⅩⅤ Of the Gravity of the Americans, and Why It Does Not Prevent Them from Often Committing Inconsiderate Action
Chapter ⅩⅥ Why the National Vanity of the Americans Is More Restless and Captious Than That of the English
Chapter ⅩⅦ That the Aspect of Society in the United States Is at Once Excited and Monotonous
Chapter ⅩⅧ Of Honor in the United States and in Democratic Communities
Chapter ⅩⅨ Why So Many Ambitious Men and So Little Lofty Ambition Are to Be Found in the United States
Chapter ⅩⅩ The Trade of Place-Hunting in Certain Democratic Countries
Chapter ⅩⅪ Why Great Revolutions Will Become More Rare
Chapter ⅩⅫ Why Democratic Nations Are Naturally Desirous of Peace, and Democratic Armies of War
Chapter ⅩⅫⅠ Which Is the Most Warlike and Most Revolutionary Class in Democratic Armies?
Chapter ⅩⅪⅤ Causes Which Render Democratic Armies Weaker Than Other Armies at the Outset of a Campaign, and More Formidable in Protracted Warfare
Chapter ⅩⅩⅤ Of Discipline in Democratic Armies
Chapter ⅩⅩⅥ Some Considerations on War in Democratic Communities
Book Four　Influence of Democratic Opinions on Political Society Chapter I That Equality Naturally Gives Men a Taste for Free Institutions
Chapter Ⅱ That the Notions of Democratic Nations on Government Are Naturally Favorable to the Concentration of Power
Chapter Ⅲ That the Sentiments of Democratic Nations Accord with Their Opinions in Leading Them to Concentrate Political Power
Chapter Ⅳ Of Certain Peculiar and Accidental Causes Which Either Lead a People to Complete Centralization of Government, or Which Divert Them from It
Chapter Ⅴ That Amongst the European Nations of Our Time the Power of Governments Is Increasing, Although the Persons Who Govern Are Less Stable
Chapter Ⅵ What Sort of Despotism Democratic Nations Have to Fear
Chapter Ⅶ Continuation of the Preceding Chapters
Chapter Ⅷ General Survey of the Subject
Appendices

◆ 上架建议
外语/哲学/政治/畅销书

书摘
Exterior Form of North America
North America presents in its external form certain general features which it is easy to discriminate at the first glance. A sort of methodical order seems to have regulated the separation of land and water, mountains and valleys. A simple, but grand, arrangement is discoverable amidst the confusion of objects and the prodigious variety of scenes. This continent is divided, almost equally, into two vast regions, one of which is bounded on the north by the Arctic Pole, and by the two great oceans on the east and west. It stretches towards the south, forming a triangle whose irregular sides meet at length below the great lakes of Canada. The second region begins where the other terminates, and includes all the remainder of the continent. The one slopes gently towards the Pole, the other towards the Equator.
The territory comprehended in the first region descends towards the north with so imperceptible a slope that it may almost be said to form a level plain. Within the bounds of this immense tract of country there are neither high mountains nor deep valleys. Streams meander through it irregularly; great rivers mix their currents, separate and meet again, disperse and form vast marshes, losing all trace of their channels in the labyrinth of waters they have themselves created; and thus, at length, after innumerable windings, fall into the Polar Seas. The great lakes which bound this first region are not walled in, like most of those in the Old World, between hills and rocks. Their banks are flat, and rise but a few feet above the level of their waters; each of them thus forming a vast bowl filled to the brim. The slightest change in the structure of the globe would cause their waters to rush either towards the Pole or to the tropical sea.
The second region is more varied on its surface, and better suited for the habitation of man. Two long chains of mountains divide it from one extreme to the other; the Alleghany ridge takes the form of the shores of the Atlantic Ocean; the other is parallel with the Pacific. The space which lies between these two chains of mountains contains 1,341,649 square miles. Its surface is therefore about six times as great as that of France. This vast territory, however, forms a single valley, one side of which descends gradually from the rounded summits of the Alleghanies, while the other rises in an uninterrupted course towards the tops of the Rocky Mountains. At the bottom of the valley flows an immense river, into which the various streams issuing from the mountains fall from all parts. In memory of their native land, the French formerly called this river the St. Louis. The Indians, in their pompous language, have named it the Father of Waters, or the Mississippi.
The Mississippi takes its source above the limit of the two great regions of which I have spoken, not far from the highest point of the table-land where they unite. Near the same spot rises another river, which empties itself into the Polar seas. The course of the Mississippi is at first dubious: it winds several times towards the north, from whence it rose; and at length, after having been delayed in lakes and marshes, it flows slowly onwards to the south. Sometimes quietly gliding along the argillaceous bed which nature has assigned to it, sometimes swollen by storms, the Mississippi waters 2,500 miles in its course. At the distance of 1,364 miles from its mouth this river attains an average depth of fifteen feet; and it is navigated by vessels of 300 tons burden for a course of nearly 500 miles. Fifty-seven large navigable rivers contribute to swell the waters of the Mississippi; amongst others, the Missouri, which traverses a space of 2,500 miles; the Arkansas of 1,300 miles, the Red River 1,000 miles, four whose course is from 800 to 1,000 miles in length, viz., the Illinois, the St. Peter’s, the St. Francis, and the Moingona; besides a countless multitude of rivulets which unite from all parts their tributary streams.
The valley which is watered by the Mississippi seems formed to be the bed of this mighty river, which, like a god of antiquity, dispenses both good and evil in its course. On the shores of the stream nature displays an inexhaustible fertility; in proportion as you recede from its banks, the powers of vegetation languish, the soil becomes poor, and the plants that survive have a sickly growth. Nowhere have the great convulsions of the globe left more evident traces than in the valley of the Mississippi; the whole aspect of the country shows the powerful effects of water, both by its fertility and by its barrenness. The waters of the primeval ocean accumulated enormous beds of vegetable mould in the valley, which they leveled as they retired. Upon the right shore of the river are seen immense plains, as smooth as if the husbandman had passed over them with his roller. As you approach the mountains the soil becomes more and more unequal and sterile; the ground is, as it were, pierced in a thousand places by primitive rocks, which appear like the bones of a skeleton whose flesh is partly consumed. The surface of the earth is covered with a granitic sand and huge irregular masses of stone, among which a few plants force their growth, and give the appearance of a green field covered with the ruins of a vast edifice. These stones and this sand discover, on examination, a perfect analogy with those which compose the arid and broken summits of the Rocky Mountains. The flood of waters which washed the soil to the bottom of the valley afterwards carried away portions of the rocks themselves; and these, dashed and bruised against the neighboring cliffs, were left scattered like wrecks at their feet. The valley of the Mississippi is, upon the whole, the most magnificent dwelling place prepared by God for man’s abode; and yet it may be said that at present it is but a mighty desert.