/UploadFiles/XXGL/2014/7/人大社14年7月新书快递28-《常春藤英语 七级•三》.doc

书名：常春藤英语 七级•三             
书号：978-7-300-19558-2
作者：聂成军 谭松柏       
责任编辑：王琼
成品：170*228  页数：322
纸张：60克轻型
装祯：平装
出版时间：2014年7月
定价：42.00元
出版社：中国人民大学出版社

◆ 本书卖点
语言地道
选材经典、丰富
可操作性强
实用性强
针对性强
有声教材

◆ 读者定位
初中、高中学生

◆ 作者简介
聂成军，北京市海淀区教委教研员、高中英语教研室主任。中央电教馆、教育部课程与教材发展中心特聘专家；北京教育考试院高考试题评价专家组成员、自主会考试题评价组组长；北京教育学院特聘英语骨干教师培训导师；海淀区教委名师工作站英语学科组导师。 

◆ 内容简介
“常春藤英语系列”选材以英国语文、美国语文和加拿大语文等主流英语国家的语文素材为主，辅以百年传承的经典阅读材料和经过改编的时新英语素材，内容涉及自然、社会、教育、家庭、历史、思想、环境、文化等各个方面。选文集知识性、趣味性、思想性和时代性于一体，文后附有精心编写的符合最新中、高考精神的学习任务，方便学生自我检验和教师开展教学活动。

◆ 简要目录
1. A Mother’s Letter to a Son Starting Kindergarten
2. If I Were a Boy Again
3. The Littlest Firefighter
4. The Time Nightshirt
5. A Boy and His Father Become Partners
6. Travelling in the Jungle
7. Discovery by Accident
8. A Pound of Butter
9. Edison’s Last Breath
10. Your Speech Is Changing
11. The Great Elevator Adventure
12. A Touching Letter to Parents
13. The English Reserve and Politeness
14. Little House in the Big Woods
15. A Wonderful Present
16. Fool’s Paradise
17. Sleeping Ugly
18. E-mail
19. Energy
20. The Pretty One
21. Stolen Day
22. The Best Playwright in England
23. Thomas Edison
24. The Call of the Wild
25. Miracle on Christmas Day
26. The Zen of Cat
27. It’s Never Too Late
28. Helen Keller
29. Who Will Inherit Joel Stein’s Kid？
30. The Loyal Dog
31. The Gentle Hand
32. The Good Reader
33. Well, America: Is the Car Culture Working？
34. The Boy Who Flew Too High
35. A Letter to Son
36. The Miller’s Tenth
37. How Can I Deal with an Annoying Neighbor？
38. Messenger of Light
39. Early Days of the Mail
40. A Goodbye Kiss
41. Yes or No? It’s Time to Discipline
42. A Dog in His Last Confession
43. The Cat-Bird
44. I Don’t Know How to Love You
45. The Thanksgiving Story
46. The Troll
47. How the Crickets Brought Good Fortune
48. The Proud King
49. The Skater and the Wolves
50. That Dog of Mine
51. Better Late than Never
52. Time Is One of the Greatest Mysteries
53. Perfume
54. How Aunt Letty Killed the Panther
55. The Finding of Livingstone
56. Best Teacher in the Grocery
57. Unique Traditions from the UK
58. Your Life Is Fully Mobile
59. The Turkey and Me
60. Thanksgiving Day
Keys

◆ 上架建议
中学英语泛读读本

书摘
Lesson 7   Discovery by Accident
1 In the long history of man's inventiveness, discoverers seem to fall into two classes. The first is the ingenious person who sets out to find the solution to a problem. The second is the lucky one who appears to stumble upon something by accident.
2 But we should be clear what we mean by "accident." For the "accidental" aspect of many great discoveries is that something unusual has happened when there is an observant person present who notices what has happened, and sets to work to find out why.
3 The best example of this happened so long ago that no one now can say who was the inventor. Consider the wheel, without which we should have neither clocks nor motorcars, neither airplanes nor steamships.
4 But men had been making wheels for tens of thousands of years before someone thought of using them to make work easier. Skeletons of people who died fifty thousand years ago were discovered to be wearing little wheels as articles of personal adornment; wheels are painted on their pottery and carved on their bone implements. Their children must have played with small wheels, yet thousands of years had to pass before someone thought of making a larger wheel and fitting it to a sled, thus making a cart.
5 During the First World War, Mr. Harry Brearley, a well-known expert in metals, was asked to investigate the problem of the "pitting" which spoiled gun barrels after being fired for a certain length of time. In his research, the first thing that Mr. Brearley did was to order a number of barrels to be made of new steel alloys. One of these alloys contained a higher percentage of chromium than had ever been used before.
6 A gun barrel was made of this new "chromium steel;" but the first shot fired through it broke it into a dozen pieces. So the scraps were thrown on to the waste heap. A week or two afterwards, Mr. Brcarley noticed that among the now rusty scraps of metal were a few which were as bright as when they had left the foundry. These were the broken pieces of the chromium steel barrel. From this accidental discovery developed the enormous benefits of "stainless steel.
7 The same desire to find out why lies behind one of the most valuable inventions of all time: that of penicillin. A culture of deadly bacteria that Dr. Alexander Fleming was experimenting with became mouldy. He noticed that where the mould had formed, the deadly micro-organisms were dying fast. Had he then, he asked himself, found something which would actually kill the bacteria? With the help of some other scientists, he was able to cultivate the mould, which had been identified as Pencillium Notatum. Eventually, that mould was mass produced, and given to the world as the "wonder-drug," penicillin.
8 Behind the great rubber industry of today lies a story of one man's search and of his lucky discovery by accident. Charles Goodyear was an American who had been trying for years to find a way in which rubber could be made to produce a hard, non-sticky, and yet elastic substance. For the trouble is that rubber, in its natural state, is hard when cold and soft and sticky when heated.
9 One day, by chance, Goodyear dropped a small piece of molded rubber on to a stove at the same time that a piece of sulphur slipped out of his hand. The smell of burning rubber mixed with burning sulphur was horrible, and he hastily got a knife to scrape the mess from the stove top.
10 Feverishly he scraped away and threw the bits of boiling rubber on to a plate. But when it had cooled down, what a different sort of rubber it was! It was cold, and yet flexible. It was not sticky, even when it was reheated. Goodyear had invented —by accident —the basic method of preparing rubber for commercial use. He had invented the process that we now call "vulcanizing" .
11 The pneumatic tire had been patented forty years before John Dunlop rediscovered it quite accidentally and through it laid the foundations for his immense rubber empire. Dunlop, a veterinary surgeon, had bought his small son a tricycle. In those days —seventy years ago —tricycles had solid wheels, and the going was rather bumpy for young Master Dunlop.
12 Looking around for some means of cushioning the rider from the shock of an uneven road, Dr. Dunlop Wondered what would happen if he cut off a length of rubber garden hose, just sufficient to encircle a tricycle wheel, closed the ends at the tube, and pumped air into it. (The tube, of course, was merely tied on to the wheel with cord, at first.) The idea was an instant success, and Dunlop at once saw the immense possibilities of fitting his "pneumatic" tires to tricycles, and bicycles for grownups as well.
13  It is said that when Elias Howe's wife complained to him that her sawing machine hardly did the job for which it was designed. Howe dreamed one night that a savage was chasing him with a gleaming spear which had a hole in the point. Howe woke up terrified but terribly excited. He had found the answer to the problem of making the lock stitch on a sewing machine, a problem which had bewildered every inventor before. Put the eye in the point of the needle! There have been improvements since, but Elias Howe's basic idea remains the one on which the modern sewing machine works.
14  The list of discoveries by accident could fill a long book; and remember, most of them happened when somebody asked himself... why?
(941 words)